Dry Macular Degeneration
Dry age-related macular degeneration (dry AMD) is the most common form of macular degeneration, accounting for about 80–85% of all cases. It happens when the macula — the small central area of your retina responsible for sharp, straight-ahead vision — gradually thins and breaks down with age.
In dry AMD, small deposits called drusen form under the retina. In early stages, drusen are small and cause no symptoms. As they grow and multiply, they can begin to distort or blur your central vision — making it harder to read, drive, or see faces clearly.
Dry AMD progresses slowly, and many people maintain good central vision for years. However, it can progress to advanced dry AMD or convert to the more serious wet AMD — which is why regular monitoring is so important.
The most advanced form of dry AMD is called geographic atrophy (GA) — a condition in which areas of the retinal cells slowly die off, creating blind spots in central vision. Until recently there was no treatment available for GA. This has now changed: newer medications have been approved that can slow the progression of geographic atrophy, helping to preserve remaining vision for longer. Dr. Smithen can discuss whether these treatments are appropriate for you.
Symptoms you might experience include:
- Slightly blurred central vision
- Need for brighter light when reading
- Difficulty recognizing faces
- Colors appearing less vivid
- A blurry or blind spot in the center of vision (advanced)
How Dr. Smithen monitors dry AMD
OCT Retinal Imaging
High-resolution cross-sectional images of your macula to detect even subtle changes and track progression over time.
Amsler Grid Testing
A simple home monitoring test that helps detect any new distortion in your central vision between appointments.
AREDS2 Supplements
For certain stages of dry AMD, specific vitamin supplements have been shown to reduce the risk of progression to advanced AMD.
Geographic Atrophy Treatment
Newly approved medications can slow the progression of geographic atrophy (advanced dry AMD) — a major breakthrough for patients with this condition. Dr. Smithen will advise whether you are a candidate.
New treatments for advanced dry AMD. Geographic atrophy — the advanced form of dry AMD — can now be treated with medications that slow its progression. This is a significant development. If you or a family member has been told they have geographic atrophy, please call us to discuss your options.